Risk Assessment and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Risk Assessment and Management - Essay Example Evaluation of the risk against strategic categories such as economical, social, environmental stimulations is also achieved in this essay. Risk management is the process of evaluating, mitigating and supervising the potential risk elements connected with the origin of a project. The success of an enterprise depends upon the lower level quantum of risk factors. The higher the risk the higher the loss and an uncertainty will ensue on the future of the project. Therefore risk management has got a virtual application and its style and approach together with strategies will be responsible for the accomplishment of any venture. Recognising the risk management is a multi-disciplinary field. The scientific and systematic skill and knowledge acquired from specialist institutes and associations, and practice and experience to increasingly broad and diverse set of risk factors connected with ventures of all types are required to handle the risk factors involved in a particular enterprise. In other words ability to identify and quantify the risks arising out of an inbuilt environment, with the help of risk analysis systems and tools to the management of risk, are necessary to evaluate and regulate the risk proximity related to a project. Formaldehyde (FA) FA is carcinogenic at the site of contact as a consequence of epithelial cell regenerative proliferation resulting from cytotoxicity and mutation (reviewed by Naya and Nakanishi 2005). In 2004 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) concluded that FA is a known human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence in humans and experimental animals (IARC 2004). The carcinogenic effect of FA is caused by prolonged regenerative cell proliferation associated with its cytotoxicity, which increases the number of DNA Risk Assessment and Management 5 replications and thus increases the probability of DNA-protein cross-link (DPX)-initiated replication errors (Liteplo and Meek 2003; Speit et al. 2000). Risk Assessment: Like most other substances formaldehyde is toxic in very high doses. But like Paracelsus said: the dose makes the poison. Formaldehyde is a natural metabolic intermediate and is produced by all living cells. 3 mg/kg of formaldehyde is the natural concentration in the blood of humans and mammals. In some cells of the human body, e.g. in the liver or in the epithelial cells of the nasal mucosa, concentrations of formaldehyde can reach up to 6-12 mg/kg. Studies show that indoor air levels of formaldehyde in houses and offices are nowadays at a safe level of below 0,1 ppm. Sensory irritation, that is eye and nose irritation, is first observed at levels of 1 ppm and higher. From both human

Reward schemes tend to be the most effective way of promoting and Essay

Reward schemes tend to be the most effective way of promoting and achieving the aims of Ecotourism, Discuss - Essay Example Consequently, it is fundamental to agree on the most suitable ecotourism strategies and approaches. Ecotourism Ecotourism involves visiting pristine, fragile and natural areas that are not distorted by humans. Ecotourism is small scale and has low environmental impacts compared to mainstream commercial tourism. It also involves responsible travelling to natural sites with an aim of preserving the surroundings and improving the welfare of the local people residing in such areas. The main purposes of ecotourism in to volunteer, learn and personal growth of the participants (United Nations Environmental Program 2011, p. 1). Additionally, it minimises the negative environmental impacts that mainstream tourism causes. It also promotes the cultural integrity of the local people. The participants in the ecotourism industry participate in recycling, conserving water, saving energy besides creating economic opportunities for the local people (Kotas 2009, p. 53). Ecotourism existed because of the prevailing problems in the tourism industry. The interest in ecotourism is the need to conserve wildlife facing extinction. There have been increased cases of invasion of natural habitats for agricultural purposes, fishing, logging and hunting. Although many countries have officially reserved areas for conservation, they lack enough funds for protecting and managing them. Consequently, several destructive activities are happening in these areas. Consequently, ecotourism is interested in restoring the values and the genetic reservoirs of vital biological resources (Buhalis 2002, p. 1). Reward scheme A reward scheme is an arrangement that an organisation provides to clients and other stakeholders in its industry aimed at encouraging them to appreciate and take part in activities that improves their welfare and community members. The focus of any reward scheme is to prioritise initiatives for customer care, initiate corporate social responsibility and strengthen communication strat egies. Principles of reward schemes A reward scheme is hard to design and run because of the many challenges that characterise its execution. The challenges include the difficulty in getting tourists to sign up and join the scheme. It is also not easy to change the behavior of tourists towards this scheme because they focus on pleasure. However, it is necessary that an organisation follow several principles to ensure the creation of a comprehensive reward scheme. Organisations reward their clients differently based on the nature of clients and the organisation (Barbera & Dutta, 2008, p. 59). The initial standard is to ensure that the rewards currency is relevant to the organisation. An organisation must ensure that the rewards are directly linked to products and services. The perspective of the tourists must be the key driving force in such a situation. The second principle is to communicate the burn instead of the earned. One of the objectives of a reward scheme is to ensure that t ourists acquire points as they purchase the products and enjoy the services of their host organisation. These points are exchanged with rewards. Most tourists are not always aware of the exact worthiness the points earned. They are only concerned with the benefits from the points. This means that communication plays a fundamental role when distinguishing and empowering the tourists (Fennel2007, p. 93). An organisation can achieve